The Bank of the Free

Something strange shows up in Kuda's App Store reviews: thousands of five-star ratings sitting right beside furious, unresolved complaints.

This audit traces how Nigeria's most emotionally loved fintech brand earned that loyalty—and how it's spending it faster than it's earning it back. Five platforms, one complaint taxonomy, and a read on why Opay and Moniepoint pulled ahead without ever beating Kuda's brand.

ROLE

"Loyalty has a shelf life, but it hasn't expired yet."